Production Technology of Garlic

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Production Technology of garlic

Soil:

 For Garlic fertile, well drained and loamy soil is required for high yield. Heavy and hard

soil significantly affect the bulb size and yield.

Climate

 Garlic is frost resistant crop and it requires cool period during early growth and dry period

near maturity. The increase in day length from 8 to 12 hours. increases the bulb weight, bulb

diameter and number of cloves and reduces the number of secondary leaves.

Time of Planting & Method of Sowing

 Garlic is planted in single clove but bulbils (a small young plant that is produced vegetatively

from axillary buds on parent plants stem) are also used occasionally. The quantity of planting

material required per area depend on clove size and number of cloves per bulb. A distance of 15 to 20 cm (row to row) and 8 to 10 cm (plant to plant) is recommended. The sowing of garlic in the provinces is as under:

Province	Sowing time
Punjab	October
Sindh	October-November
Kpk	October-November
Balochistan	October-November

 

Manuring and Fertilizer Requirement Garlic responds very well to organic manure, Application of 5-10 tonnes/acre at the time of field preparation is recommended. Application of N: P: K @ 75:85:55 kg produces higher yield. At the time of planting, half of nitrogen along with full dose of P and K should be used, the remaining half of nitrogen be applied 30-45 days after planting. 2.1.5 Irrigation and interculture Garlic crop needs irrigation once in a week during vegetative growth and at 10-15 days’ interval near maturation. Garlic is a closely planted crop which requires 3-5 manual hoeing for higher yield. However, weeding is tedious, expensive and often damages the plants therefore, weeds can be controlled by using oxadiazon (0.5 lit/acre) and pendimethalin (1.0 lit/acre), as preemergence weedicides.

Harvesting :The crop is ready for harvest when the tops turn brownish and show signs of drying up and bend over. The bulbs mature in 4-6 months after plantation depending upon the climate. The harvesting time is as under:

Province	Harvesting time
Punjab	April
Sindh	April-June
Kpk	March-June
Balochistan	March-June

 

Storage Garlic bulbs can be best stored for 3-4 months in well ventilated room. Storability is also affected by enzyme activity and the cultivars most suitable for storage generally have low ascorbate and polyosenol oxidase activity. Application of 2500 or 5000 ppm MH as foliar spray before harvest is reported to inhibit sprouting in storage up to 300 days without any appreciable adverse effects on yield. The treatment also reduces the loss in weight of bulbs stored at low temperature (1.0 to 8.0