Citrus orchards are generally established with grafted plants
to combine rootstock and cultivar benefits, to ensure fruit quality and
uniformity, and to reduce the time for harvesting. (Talon et al., 2020; Barón et al., 2019).
Minigraft is a clonal propagation
technique that uses young
rootstocks to be grafted with small size scion/bud parts to obtain younger
plants fully adapted to field conditions, avoiding the maintenance of large
size plants for scion production and the ex vitro acclimatization
stage of the micropropagation process (Siqueira et al., 2016).
Grafting material was isolated from 2-year-old grafted plants
of Valencia orange (Citrus x sinensis Osbeck) obtained from an authorized
citrus plant Plants were maintained in a shade house (50%) with fog irrigation
twice a day for 1 minute each.
Rootstocks such as
sweet orange, rough lemon and sour orange were used extensively around the world.
Due to disease problems these are replaced by
modern rootstocks such as Citrus trifoliata (trifoliata), citrange types
(Troyer, Carrizo, Benton) and Cleopatra
Take 6 month old plant root stock, approximately, 20 cm high.
For cleft grafting, the rootstock was decapitated at 5-7 cm high, and a
vertical downward cut was done in the center of the decapitated stem using a
sterile scalpel. The scion, 2-3 cm long tender tissue containing at least one
node, was cut from both sides at the basal end with the scalpel into a gently
sloping wedge (~0.5 cm) where the cambium vascular tissue was observed. The
scion was properly inserted in the rootstock cut, firmly tied with Nescofilm®,
and top covered with a plastic 1.5 mL Eppendorf tube for two weeks.
Two weeks after the grafting, for plants where the scion was
viable (green), the rootstock stem was chop-down about 1 cm above the grafting,
and once the scion bud began to grow the rootstock stem above de scion was
completely removed.
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