System of Pruning of Grapes Vitis vinifera

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System of pruning:

The systems of pruning can be divided into two classes according to the arrangement of the arms on the trunk of the vine.

1:

There is a definite head to the trunk, from which all the arms arise symmetrically at nearly the same level. The vines of these systems may be called "headed vines."

2:

In the other systems, the trunk is elongated four to eight feet and the arms are distributed regularly along the whole or the greater portion of its length. The vines of these systems, owing to the rope-like form of the trunks, are called "cordons."

Subsystems:

1.

Spurs of one, two, or three eyes are left for fruit production. This system is called short or spur pruning. 2

Long canes are left for fruit production. This is called long or cane pruning.

In rare cases an intermediate form is adopted in which long spurs or short canes of five or six eyes are left.

In cane pruning, each fruit cane is accompanied by one or two short renewal spurs. These must also accompany half- long pruning.  Tie to wires stretching along the rows in a horizontal, ascending or descending direction.

Head Pruning: Vase form

Medium trunk short fruit spur. It is suitable for small growing vines, which bear on the lower buds. The unit of pruning is fruit spur of 1,2 and 3 internodes.

Cordon pruning:

Unilateral, Horizontal Cordon system

It consists of a trunk about seven feet long, supported horizontally by a wire two feet from the ground. Arms and spurs are arranged along the whole horizontal part of the trunk.it is not suited for weak vines. It is only suited to very vigorous verities.